Is Paper More Sustainable Than Plastic?

Over the years, the use of plastic has come under scrutiny as sustainability concerns rise globally. Many states have instituted a plastic bag ban and many brands have shifted towards paper as a more environmentally-friendly option.

But how do these materials compare? The biggest benefit of paper is that it's made from a natural resource and therefore biodegradable. However, paper also needs much more water to produce, requires more energy to transport, and emits more pollution than plastic.


Paper requires more water.
Manufacturing paper bags requires 17x more water. Fresh tree pulp must first be washed and bleached before being pressed into paper. Recycled paper requires chemicals to remove the ink and return the paper to pulp.

Paper uses more energy.
Paper is heavier to transport, so it requires more fuel and energy to distribute. It would take 7 trucks to transport the same number of paper bags as can be transported by 1 truck full of plastic bags.

Paper causes more pollution.
Paper is responsible for 70% more air pollution and 50x more water pollution than plastic bag production due to its heavy use of toxic chemicals. A paper bag needs to be used 4 more times to reduce its global warming potential to below that of a plastic bag. But this is highly unlikely due to a paper bag's low durability.

Advantages of Plastic
Plastic is often vilified instead of being explored for its sustainable solutions. In fact, plastic is often preferred for its many advantages. It's lightweight, reducing shipping costs and emissions. It's durable, providing protection from water or punctures and can be reused several times. And it's cost-effective and usually more affordable than other packaging options.

So is one material really greener than the other? The short answer is no - both materials have its pros and cons.

Choosing between paper and plastic bags is a decision that hinges on various factors, each catering to different needs and environmental impacts. If you prioritize durability and reusability, plastic might be your go-to option. They are less prone to tearing, can handle more weight, and can be reused for a variety of purposes. On the other hand, paper bags made from a renewable resource and are great for composting. Your choice should be guided by your immediate needs, considering factors like durability, reusability, environmental impact, and the specific purpose for which you need the product.